SAP Reverse Application Summary

As we can know that there are many kinds of “Document” in system to record our application, which can also be taken as prove. In daily business, we might need to reverse some of the documents to re-work our business, for making it right. Now I am going to summarize what has occurred to me for “Reverse” and what the T-code can be used to perform these kinds of “Reverse”.

First of all, we should know that there can be two “clusters” of “Document” in system, also reflecting our daily business: the “Material Document” and the “Accounting Document”. I will list out all their related “Reverse” Scenario, what we can do to solve it and how we gonna perform in system, of these two clusters. 

In this one, I will introduce the Reverse Application about the “Material Document”. 

“Material Document” related: these can be all the material movement under Supply Chain Management. 

By module: 

SD

Cause the document flow of SD is mainly like this: Sales OrderOutbound DeliveryInvoice (Billing)

So the Reverse performance should also follow the opposite direction of the flow above. 

I- VF11---Cancel Billing Document

     

Check the Flow

                

Then to reverse the Outbound Delivery. 

II- VL09---Reverse Goods Movement

      

      

      

      

We can delete the Picking amount to “0” to make the picking not started. 

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Normally, in China, when the Billing has been created, the “Fapiao” can be printed via Golden Tax machine. In accounting book, the sales revenue is debited automatically. 

If the return of sold goods occurs, we normally use the “Return” process in SD module to cover this process and related “Credit Memo” will be issued. The “Fapiao” will be cancelled by the “Rubric strike a balance” process manually. So the above cancellation should be rare in daily business after the goods have been successfully posted. 

While the changing or reverse of Delivery before Billing should be needed as a possible reverse. 

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MM

MIGO--->MIRO

Then we might have MIGO for Goods Receipt from our vendors. 

I- MR8M---Cancel Invoice Document 

The result shows the situation after MIRO has been done for a PO. 

      

      

When MR8M, Select the Reversal Reason and Posting Date, then we have: 

      

     

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This reverse can be seen when the FI has perform the invoice with wrong amount or with wrong invoice itself sent from vendor. The reverse can be posted to previous period by SPRO setting allowing. Normally this should not be legal or applied by the Bureau regulation, or challenged by Audit officer. See more about monthly closing in China related document. 

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MBST---Cancel Material Document (MIGO Material Document with opposite movement) 

      

      

II- MIGO PO with 102 movement type: when Receipt number or time need to be changed. 

      

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The difference between them, (mainly basing on the business purpose):  

When using MBST, that means we need to reverse what we have done with the movement itself, with the exact “value” and “amount” at the time when you did the business movement in system. And if the OBYC setting or related FI/CO setting have been changed, the MBST will follow what the system has been set by now.

While using MIGO with 102, or we say the “opposite movement” type to 101, we are moving the material with the “value” now, and if the material is valued with “V” price, its related 102 movement “value” price would be different. And also, we can change or modify the 102 movement amount figure, not with fixed figure of its 101 movement.

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PP

Then we might can issue our materials to production order (Discrete Manufacture) or “workshop” storage location for Back flush. These all can be treated as MIGO and their reverse can be done like the part in “MM” above. 

But for the production confirmation, this will consume the components and increase the finished products, after goods receipt with MIGO. 

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When talking about Production and Planning in SAP, we should always split the topic into 3: Discrete Manufacture, Process Manufacture and Repetitive Manufacture. 

Discrete Manufacture: we use Production Order to perform the production in system, so mainly the reverse work is for the Issue components and reverse the Receipt finished products: after the REL of the production order, we cannot reverse the REL status itself, only by TECO or DLF set can we ignore or dismiss the Production Order in MD04 list. 

Repetitive Manufacture: we use Production Version to assign the BOMS, rate routine and production line (work center) to the finished products. We send the related components to the workshop storage location and consume (back flush) them then receipt the finished ones to its storage in no time. So the reverse can be done with the back flush performance. (The movement of the components to workshop can be treated as normal MB1B and reverse by MBST.) 

Process Manufacture: hope I can have chance to know this in the future. 

———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

MIGO--->Confirmation

I- CO13---Cancel Production Order Confirmation 

First show the components in the Production Order: 

      

In which, there are 2 materials treated as “Bulk Material”, so only item “0001” and “0092” show with the confirmation CO11n: 

Adding “0076” and “0110” when confirmation in Goods movement: 

      

And final confirmation, 

      

MIGO with order 

      

In this case, we have to MBST or MIGO with order 102 first, to “return” the finished goods first back to our production line. 

Then the CO13 can perform: 

      

Also the components can be “sent” back to its original storage location with the opposite movement type “262”. 

      

II- Repetitive Manufacture show the material movement like below. 

      

MF41---Cancellation of Confirmation 

Choose the material, plant, then we can see like this: 

      

      

Then 

      

Check the MB51 then we can see 

     

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When for discrete manufacture, we do the reverse mainly because of the wrong input about the yield amount or updating duration time of the related operation. And for the physical inventory, we usually reverse the HALB to ROH for easier calculation. 

When for repetitive manufacture, not only we reverse the HALB to ROH when physical inventory, we also should MBST the components from workshop to its storage location for external procurement. 

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CS

The Customer and Service module is quite like the combination between SD and PP module. 

That is to say, the process is all started by A notification, the we have two ways for dealing the process: Service Order and Sales Order. 

      

                

That is to say, 

I For the Service Order, we will do the confirmation at the last steps to confirm the components and time consumed for completing this Notification. 

        

        

  IW45---Cancel PM Order Confirmation

             

        

Then it is like the CO13 process and you can enter the Cancellation or Reverse reason for reference. 

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This Reverse can be very common when the CS users are either not so familiar with the repair work that they have chosen the wrong components, or the components they want to consume are not actually available at the warehouse. 

II When for Sales Orders, you can look into the above SD Reverse application. 

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To conclude, the above Reverse application are the ones which I have actually used in my project. The Blue part is the actual business scenario for the time when we should use these reverse in daily business: all the SAP application reflect your business work. So you cannot just reverse what you have processed in the system as you want to, you need to be approved and authorized. 

The modules I have introduced are SD, MM, PP and CS. Hope in the future I can introduce more like QM or PM. 

实施SAP的真正目的和影响

　　各种SAP应用的程序在日常工作中习以为常地运行着各式各样的业务。但是仔细观察就会发现SAP对财务基础的影响，如果SAP业务解决方案实施的很好，就可以帮助机构提高总收入和降低净支出，从盈利的角度看，SAP可以再以下方面提供帮助。

　　发现和管理新市场。

　　在产品和服务商方面进行创新，以迎合新市场的需求。

　　改善公司与现有客户关系，从而提高销售量，建立更巩固的销售联系，或获得更大的市场份额，同理，通过在以下方面发挥作用，SAP还可以帮助降低成本。

　　通过精简业务流程、最大限度地提高资产生产力、最大限度地缩短无收益时间。

　　通过纵向整合降低公司的原材料成本。

　　通过提高管理可见性和业务流程透明度，降低公司在货品、物料、劳动力等方面的成本。

　　降低内部运营成本。

　　最大限度提高库存和供应商折扣。

　　重新设计公司的服务交付流程。

　　通过更快速度地找出改进成本模型和优化低效流程的机遇，来降低公司的“改变成本”。

　　改进公司管理、交付、优化、跟踪和提高产品和服务质量。

　　在提高销量的同时又能降低成本的公司必然可以比竞争对手取得更大的商业成功，而能够更好地管理改变风险的公司甚至更有希望能够在激烈的竞争中拔得头筹。

SAP FICO知识点

SAP FICO知识点

科目表位于公司代码(company code)之上，集团(client)之下。科目表的科目在总帐的主数据中维护。

· 在SAP中的科目没有1，2，3级科目的分法，全部是一级科目。科目代码长度为8位，在报表层次，会根据科目代码的前4位编码汇集成一个科目显示。

· 统驭科目不用来直接记帐，它是由应收模块、应付模块和固定资产模块直接过帐的。

· 总帐科目的录入需遵循“有借必有贷，借贷必相等”的原则。借贷两边都需同时录入。对于应收、应付的发票录入，则单边即可。系统会自动根据所选的客户或供应商生成双边分录。

· SAP的凭证类别基本分为收、付、转三类，和传统的会计凭证分类一样。

o SA，总帐凭证。(转帐凭证)

o KA，供应商凭证。(付款凭证)

o KR，应付供应商凭证。(付款凭证)

o KG，供应商转来的经字发票，SAP称为贷方凭证。(付款凭证)

o KZ，付款给供应商的凭证。(付款凭证)

o DA，顾客凭证。(收款凭证)

o DR，开具发票给顾客的凭证。(收款凭证)

o DG，开具红字发票给顾客的凭证。(收款凭证)

o DZ，向顾客收款的凭证。(收款凭证)

o AA，与固定资产相关的凭证。

· 特殊总帐标记有A，B，C，D四种，分别对应预收帐款，应收票据，预收款请求和担保。

CO知识点

· 一个成本控制范围下可包含一个公司代码，也可包含多个公司代码。

· 成本流和成本对象是管理会计的基本概念。成本流描述企业内部的价值流，像是穿梭在企业中的河道。而成本对象则像是一个个湖泊，起来收集成本的作用。

· 管理会计凭证记录了什么性质的成本(多数为损益)从哪里流向哪里。它也借用了财务会计中的“借/贷”的概念。如：

· 借：成本的流入

· 贷：成本的流出

· 管理会计凭证不像财务会计凭证那样借贷必相等。当管理会计凭证的借贷方都是成本对象时，借贷才会相等。

· 成本要素是用来描述管理会计中成本流本质的一个概念。成本要素分两大类，一类是初级成本要素，对应财务会计中的损益类科目。另一类是次级成本要素，可用来描述管理会计内部各成本对象间成本流转时的成本性质。也就是说可以把同类的损益类科目设置成一个次级成本要素，以便归集费用进行分摊到各部门。

· 生产订单状态

· TECO 技术实现

· REL 已释放

· CRTD 建立

· PCNF 部分确认

· DLV 交货

· GMPS 已过帐的货物移动

· MANC 未检查物料可用性

· NTUP 日期未更新

· PCC 使用的生产成本归集器

· PRC 预花费

· SETC 结算规则维护

· KS01创建成本中心

· KSH1创建成本中心组

· KA01创建初级成本要素，需对应科目表中的损益类科目

· KA06创建次级成本要素

· KP26输入成本中心的标准作业量

· KP06输入成本中心的标准费用

· KSPI计算标准作业价格

· KSU5建立和执行费用分摊循环

· KB31N 输入分摊指数

· CK11N计算成品的标准成本

· CK24标记并发布物料的标准成本

· KKAX计算在产品

· MFN1、CON2实际作业价格重估

· KOB1查看成本信息

· KKS2计算差异

· KO88结算定单

· OKP1 CO开关帐

财务专业术语表

· chart of accounts-----科目表

· fiscal year-----会计年度

· document-----凭证

· posting priods-----过帐期间 (OB52)

· activity type-----作业类型

· overhead-----间接费用

· credit-----贷方

Rumor as Political Communication Strategy (2006)

In the past, much research on rumor came from psychological approaches (as the discussion of Allport and DiFonzio demonstrates above). The focus was especially on how statements of questionable veracity (absolutely false to the ears of some listeners) circulated orally from person to person. Scholarly attention to political rumors is at least as old as Aristotle's Rhetoric; however, not until recently has any sustained attention and conceptual development been directed at political uses of rumor, outside of its role in war situations. Almost no work had been done until recently on how different forms of media and particular cultural-historical conditions may facilitate a rumor's diffusion.^[9]

The internet's recent appearance as a new media technology has shown ever new possibilities for the fast diffusion of rumor, as the debunking sites such as snopes.com, urbanlegend.com, and factcheck.org demonstrate. Nor had previous research taken into consideration the particular form or style of deliberately chosen rumors for political purposes in particular circumstances (even though significant attention to the power of rumor for mass-media-diffused war propaganda has been in vogue since World War I; see Lasswell 1927).^[9] In the early part of the 21st century, some legal scholars have attended to political uses of rumor, though their conceptualization of it remains social psychological and their solutions to it as public problem are from a legal scholarly perspective, largely having to do with libel and privacy laws and the damage to personal reputations.^[10]

Working within political communication studies, in 2006, Jayson Harsin^[11]

- ^[12] introduced the concept of the "rumor bomb" as a response to the widespread empirical phenomenon of rumoresque communication in contemporary relations between media and politics, especially within the complex convergence of multiple forms of media, from cell phones and internet, to radio, TV, and print. Harsin starts with the widespread definition of rumor as a claim whose truthfulness is in doubt and which often has no clear source even if its ideological or partisan origins and intents are clear. He then treats it as a particular rhetorical strategy in current contexts of media and politics in many societies. For Harsin a "rumor bomb" extends the definition of rumor into a political communication concept with the following features:

1. A crisis of verification. - A crisis of verification is perhaps the most salient and politically dangerous aspect of rumor. Berenson (1952) defines rumor as a kind of persuasive message involving a proposition that lacks 'secure standards of evidence' (Pendleton 1998).^[13]
2. A context of public uncertainty or anxiety about a political group, figure, or cause, which the rumor bomb overcomes or transfers onto an opponent.
3. A clearly partisan even if an anonymous source (e.g. "an unnamed advisor to the president"), which seeks to profit politically from the rumor bomb’s diffusion.
4. A rapid diffusion via highly developed electronically mediated societies where news travels fast.

In addition, Harsin locates the "rumor bomb" within other communication genres, such as disinformation (intentional false information) and propaganda,as rumor has been viewed by others. However, he distinguishes it from these concepts as well, since disinformation is often too associated with government, and propaganda is a widely varying concept used to describe attempts to control opinion without regard for ethics and accuracy of statement. Similarly, "spin" is a generic term for strategic political communication that attempts to frame or re-frame an event or a statement in a way that is politically profitable for one side and detrimental to another, though at its core it may simply be a red herring (Bennett 2003, p. 130).^[14]

In addition, a "smear campaign" is a term that loosely means a coordinated effort to attack a person's character. Unlike a "smear campaign," rumor bombs need not be about discrediting a person (as is the case for example in claims about Iraq and 9/11 or weapons of mass destruction moved to Syria). Spin refers too specifically to an event and its re-framing. Rumor bombs may seek to produce events themselves.

A rumor bomb can be seen as having some characteristics of these general concepts, but rumor bombs happen in very particular cultural and historical conditions. They are not about mouth-to-ear interpersonal rumors as much rumor research has been interested in. They begin in a rapport between deliberate "disinformers" and media, whether TV news,talk shows, newspapers, radio, or internet. They then circulate across these media, perhaps but not necessarily resulting in interpersonal mouth-to-ear rumor diffusion.^[15][16]

Harsin wants to distinguish the rumor bomb from other more general concepts of rumor by emphasizing changes in politics, media technology, and culture. According to Harsin, rumor in politics has always existed, but recent changes have created an environment ripe for a new kind of political rumor: a new media "convergence culture" where information produced on the internet can influence the production of media content in other forms;new media technologies and business values that emphasize speed and circulation that combine with entertainment values in news, political marketing, and public craving of tabloid news that mirrors other entertainment genres.^[15][16]

Rumors of affairs, of "weapons of mass destruction" and their alleged removal to other countries^[17]"John Kerry is French,"^[18] Obama is a Muslim, John McCain had an illegitimate black child^[19] Obama's healthcare plan would legalize "death panels," Shirley Sherrod is a racist—all of these involve statements whose veracity is in question or are simply false. Others are statements whose ambiguous nature makes them potentially appealing to different audiences who may interpret them in particular ways and circulate them. Harsin builds on rumor research that has emphasized social cognition and diffusion of propaganda. He extends Prashant and Difonzio's work in particular, since they attempt to distinguish rumor from gossip, in that rumor is supposedly about public issues and gossip is about private, trivial things. The emergence of infotainment and tabloidization in especially American and British news has broken that distinction, since politics is now just as much about bringing the private into the public view, as was clear with the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal.

SPRO-SM30-SM34

以维护视图(簇)的方式进行配置

    后台配置通常是以事物码SPRO进入，但一些场合需要将后台的配置放到前台完成，具体操作参见《后台配置转至前台操作》。除事物码外，在前台进行配置很多场合是通过维护视图（Views）或视图簇（View Cluster）的方式进行。维护视图事物码是SM30，视图簇则是SM34。

    所谓视图就是配置的基本界面是一张列表总览，可以对条目进行添加、复制、修改、删除等操作，如图 1所示。而视图簇则是左边有一个多级的树形目录，根据目录指向，右侧可以进行维护，通常也是视图形式，如图 2所示，视图簇可以分解成若干个视图进行维护。

图 1视图维护_公司代码

图 2 视图簇维护_字段状态变式

    SM30与SM34的初始操作界面类似，如图 3、图 4所示，都需输入指定的视图（簇）的名字，两者都可以对显示或维护的范围进行限制，其中SM30是用单选按钮形式提供，而SM34是以选择框的形式表现。

    两者的初始屏幕下面都有四个按钮，其中左数第一个是“显示”，进入后只可查看；第二个是“维护”，进入后可以创建及维护；第三个“传输”是创建传输请求；而第四个“Customizing”(定制)则可以查找当前视图（簇）在后台的IMG路径。

图 3 SM30初始界面（维护公司代码）

图 4 SM34初始界面（字段状态变式）

    以图 3为例，输入表名“V_T001”后，点击“Customizing”(定制)按钮弹出图 5对话框，点击“跳过”按钮，系统再弹出对话框显示查到的后台IMG路径，可以看到结果有多个（如图 6所示），选中最常用的第一条（可任意选择），点击确认键（），系统就转至后台IMG路径界面如图 7所示。

图 5 选择定制项目对话框

图 6 查到的IMG路径清单

图 7 IMG路径界面

STO学习-由Wacom项目-Return-From Intrasit(in) to SL

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2004/helpdata/en/4d/2b90dc43ad11d189410000e829fbbd/content.htm

 Stock Transfer Using Stock Transport Order 
UseA number of procedures are available to enable you to transfer materials from one plant to another:

•  Stock Transfer Between Plants in One Step
•  Stock Transfer Between Plants in Two Steps
•  Stock Transport Order Without Delivery
•  Stock Transport Order with Delivery via Shipping
•  Stock Transport Order with Delivery and Billing Document/Invoice

 Stock Transfer Between Plants in One Step UseThis type of stock transfer can only be carried out in Inventory Management. Neither Shipping in the issuing plant nor Purchasing in the receiving plant is involved in the process.
Transferring stock in one step has the following characteristics:

• The stock transfer is entered as a transfer posting in Inventory Management.
• The transfer posting can be planned by creating a reservation.
• The quantity of the stock transferred is posted immediately from the unrestricted-use stock of the issuing plant to the unrestricted-use stock of the receiving plant
• The transfer posting is valuated at the valuation price of the material in the issuing plant.
• If the plants involved belong to different company codes, the transfer between plants is also a transfer between company codes. In this case, the system creates two accounting documents for the transfer posting. The stock posting is offset against a company code clearing account.

 Stock Transfer Between Plants in Two Steps 
Use

This type of stock transfer can only be carried out in Inventory Management. Neither Shipping in the issuing plant nor Purchasing in the receiving plant is involved in the process.

The stock transfer includes the following processes:

1. A goods issue in the issuing plant
2. A goods receipt in the receiving plant

Transferring stock in two steps has the following characteristics:

• The transfer posting cannot be planned by creating a reservation.
• The quantity posted from stock is first of all managed as stock in transfer in the receiving plant. Only once the goods receipt has been posted is the quantity posted to the unrestricted-use stock of the receiving plant.

This enables the quantity "on the road" to be monitored.

• The transfer posting is valuated at the valuation price of the material in the issuing plant.
• If the plants involved belong to different company codes, the transfer between plants is also a transfer between company codes. In this case, the system creates two accounting documents when the goods issue is posted. The stock posting is offset against a company code clearing account.

Stock Transport Order Without Delivery 
PurposeThis type of stock transfer not only involves Inventory Management but Purchasing in the receiving plant. The goods issue posting in Inventory Management is carried out without the involvement of SD.Characteristics of a Stock Transfer Order

• The quantity posted from stock is first of all managed as stock in transit of the receiving plant. Only once the goods receipt has been posted is the quantity posted to the unrestricted-use stock of the receiving plant.

This enables the quantity "on the road" to be monitored.

• Delivery costs can be entered in the stock transport order.
• The transfer posting is valuated at the valuation price of the material in the issuing plant.
• If the plants involved belong to different company codes, the transfer between plants is also a transfer between company codes. In this case, the system creates two accounting documents when the goods issue is posted. The stock posting is offset against a company code clearing account.

Process Flow

1. Creating a stock transport order in the receiving plant
Plant A would like to order materials from plant B. Plant A enters a stock transfer order. The stock transfer is used to plan the movement.

2. Posting a goods issue in the issuing plant
Plant B supplies the goods to plant A. Plant B enters the goods issue for the stock transfer order. The goods are then posted to the stock in transit of the receiving plant.

3. Posting a goods receipt in the receiving plant

Once the goods arrive in the receiving plant, the plant posts the goods receipt. The stock in transit is therefore reduced and the unrestricted-use stock increased.
The goods receipt is entered with reference to the purchase order.

Stock Transport Order with Delivery via Shipping 
PurposeThe following components are involved in this type of stock transfer:

• Purchasing (MM-PUR) in entering the order
• Shipping (LE-SHP) in making the delivery from the issuing plant
• Inventory Management (MM-IM) at goods receipt in the receiving plant

Characteristics of a Stock Transfer Order

• The quantity posted from stock is first of all managed as stock in transit of the receiving plant. Only once the goods receipt has been posted is the quantity posted to the unrestricted-use stock of the receiving plant.

This enables the quantity "on the road" to be monitored.

• Delivery costs can be entered in the stock transport order.
• The transfer posting is valuated at the valuation price of the material in the issuing plant.
• If the plants involved belong to different company codes, the transfer between plants is also a transfer between company codes. In this case, the system creates two accounting documents when the goods issue is posted. The stock posting is offset against a company code clearing account.

Process Flow

1. Creating a stock transport order in the receiving plant
Plant A would like to order materials from plant B. Plant A enters a stock transfer order. The stock transfer is used to plan the movement.

2. Posting a delivery in the issuing plant
Plant B supplies the goods to plant A. Plant B enters a replenishment delivery in Shipping. The goods are then posted to the stock in transit of the receiving plant.

3. Posting a goods receipt in the receiving plant

Once the goods arrive in the receiving plant, the plant posts a goods receipt for the delivery. The stock in transit is therefore reduced and the unrestricted-use stock increased.
FeaturesAdvantages of the Stock Transport OrderThe transfer of stock using a stock transport order has the following advantages over the transfer of stock without a stock transport order:

• A goods receipt can be planned in the receiving plant.
• You can enter a vendor (transport vendor) in the stock transport order.
• Delivery costs can be entered in the stock transport order.
• The stock transfer order is part of MRP: Purchase requisitions that were created in MRP can be converted into stock transport orders.
• The goods issue can be entered using a delivery via Shipping (LE-SHP).
• The goods receipt can be posted directly to consumption.
• The entire process can be monitored via the purchase order history.

Stock Transport Order with Delivery and Billing Document/Invoice PurposeWith this type of stock transfer, the transfer posting is not valuated at the valuation price of the material in the issuing plant, but is defined in both the issuing and receiving plants using conditions.


Stock transfers that include deliveries and billing documents/invoices are only possible between plants belonging to different company codes.
If you want to carry out a cross-company-code stock transport order with delivery but without a billing document, you must set the Relevant for Billing (data element FKREL) indicator in Customizing of the item type to "blank" (Not relevant for billing).The following applications are involved in this type of stock transfer:

• Purchasing (MM-PUR) in entering the order
• Shipping (LE-SHP) in making the delivery from the issuing plant
• Billing (SD-BIL) in creating the billing document for the delivery
• Inventory Management (MM-IM) at goods receipt in the receiving plant
• Invoice Verification (MM-IV) at invoice receipt in the receiving plant

Characteristics of a Stock Transfer Order

• The quantity posted from the stock of the issuing plant is managed neither in the issuing plant nor in the receiving plant. The quantity is first posted to the unrestricted-use stock of the receiving plant in the goods receipt posting. After the goods issue has been posted, the stock overview displays the quantity transferred as Stock in trans. CC. This stock is determined dynamically for stock balance display.
• With this transfer posting, price determination is carried out in both Purchasing and Sales & Distribution (SD).

• In Purchasing, the price of the material in question is determined in the usual manner (from the info record, for example).
• In SD, pricing is also carried out as normal during the billing process.

• The goods movements are valuated at the price determined in each case.
• Accounting documents are created for the following transactions:

• Goods issue
• Goods receipt
• Billing
• Invoice receipt

Stock Transport Order with Valuated and Non-Valuated Sales Order StockWhen entering goods issues for cross-company-code stock transport orders, you can work with both valuated and non-valuated sales order stock (E) using the one-step procedure (movement type 645) and the two-step procedure (movement type 643). In the MRP view of the material master record (MRP 4) you determine the stock from which material is to be withdrawn by selecting the Dependent requirements indicator for individual and collective requirements. There are three options:

• Indicator set to Blank (individual and collective requirements): Material is removed from sales order stock

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Characteristics of the Various Stock Transfer ProceduresThe following table lists the characteristics of the individual procedures used for stock transfer.

	Plant to plant 1 step	Plant to plant 2 steps	St. trnsp. ord. w/o SD	St. trnsp. ord. with SD	St. trnsp. ord. with billing
Order type MM-PUR	-	-	UB	UB	NB
Movement type MM-IM	Transfer postg. using 301	GI: 303 GR: 305	GI: 351 GR: 101	GI: 641 GR: 101	GI: 643 GR: 101
Delivery type SD	-	-	-	NL	NLCC
Billing type SD	-	-	-	-	IV
Doc. type MM-IV	-	-	-	-	RE
Price	Valuation price	Valuation price	Valuation price	Valuation price	Pricing in SD and MM
Planning via...	Reservation	-	Purchase order	Purchase order	Purchase order
Stock after GI	-	Stock in transfer	Stock in Transit	Stock in Transit	(Stock in transit CC)
Delivery costs	-	-	yes	yes	yes
Cross-company-code via...	Company code clearing	Company code clearing	Company code clearing	Company code clearing	Revenue account; GR/IR clearing

You can find an overview of all the movement types in the Implementation Guide (IMG) for Inventory Management in the stepCopy/Change Movement Types.ActivitiesGoods Issue in Inventory Management or in ShippingYou can enter a goods issue for the stock transport order in either Inventory Management (MM-IM) or Shipping (LE-SHP). For goods issues in Shipping, a replenishment delivery is created (see also Posting Goods Issue in Shipping).
Prerequisites for Goods Issues in Shipping:To process the goods issue via Shipping, the following prerequisites must be fulfilled (see also  Goods Movements via Shipping):

• In Customizing for Purchasing, a delivery type must be assigned to the purchasing document type. If the document type does not have a delivery type, you can post the goods issue only in Inventory Management.
• The customer number of the receiving plant must also be maintained in Customizing for Purchasing.
• In the Customizing system of Sales & Distribution, the shipping point determination must be maintained.
• In the material master record, shipping data must be maintained.

If the document type contains a delivery type but another requirement is missing (for example, shipping data), you receive either a warning message or an error message (depending on the system configuration) when you try to enter the stock transport order.
If you receive a warning message, you can create the stock transport order, but you can post the goods issue for this item only in Inventory Management.Stock Transfer Using the Stock Determination FunctionIf you want to withdraw material for stock transfers from various storage locations and stocks according to a particular strategy, the R/3 System can support you using  Stock Determination.